data manipulation / falsification

Manipulating research data with the intention of giving a false impression. This includes manipulating images (e.g. micrographs, gels, radiological images), removing outliers or ‘inconvenient’ results, changing data points, etc...

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  1. Falsification of certificates of deposit of new bacterial species in culture collections

    09-29 The process of naming and describing novel species of bacteria is governed by the Bacteriological Code. As part of this process, authors are required to deposit the type strain of the novel species in at least two culture ...

  2. Possible case of fraud

    07-30 A paper was submitted to us describing an RCT carried out in a Far Eastern hospital. Soon after the manuscript had been sent out for review, one of the reviewers sent a letter alerting us to a “possible case of fraud”. The reviewer ...

  3. Problem with figures

    06-05 (1) An article was published after peer review. Shortly after online publication we received a message from a reader (an academic who works in the same field as the authors) notifying us of a major concern with one of the figures ...

  4. Allegations of scientific fraud and unethical conduct of experiments with attempts to silence the whistleblower

    98-17 The allegations of fraud  ...

  5. Retraction of false authorship

    04-11 Dr X asked for a statement to be published to the effect that the letter he had published in the journal with two co-authors was not based on any work that he had done, but on that of his colleagues. The editor asked the other two ...